@article {107, title = {Literature Review on Siddha Herbal Formulations (Kudineer) Available for The Management of Dengue}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {5}, year = {2016}, month = {September 2016}, pages = {90-96}, type = {Review Article }, chapter = {90}, abstract = {

Dengue is a major threat to public health in many countries. There is no vaccine to prevent the infection. In spite of management of the disease with conventional method of treatment, mortality due to dengue is increasing year by year. In India, state of Tamil nadu during 2012 dengue crisis, initiated a new model by including traditional Siddha medicines along with conventional therapy for management of dengue in government hospitals. The result of the initiation was a great success, as the Siddha medicines showed remarkable clinical improvement. As there is no effective dengue specific antiviral drug is available and the widely used NSAIDs show anti platelet activity, there is a need for Siddha formulations to be explored scientifically. This review focuses on Siddha kudineer formulations for dengue. Kudineer formulations include only dried and grinded herbals. The method of preparation of kudineer is simple and the phyto constituents do not undergo any major change while processing and preparation, unlike other traditional formulations. Ingredients of the formulation and their pharmacological action are discussed in the review. The review may act as a keyhole for the dengue drug development.

}, keywords = {Anti inflammatory, Anti pyretic, Anti viral, Dengue, Herbal medicine, Kudineer, Pitha suram, Siddha Medicine}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.5.3.5}, author = {Harihara Mahadevan and Vanmathi Palraj} } @article {88, title = {Phytochemical Standardization of Serankottai nei (a Siddha Drug from Milk Extract of Semecarpus Anacardium nuts) and its in-vitro Antitubercular Activity against H37Rv Strain}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {5}, year = {2016}, month = {March 2016}, pages = {17-24}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {17}, abstract = {

Background: Serankottai nei is a popular Siddha drug, used in the treatment of lung infections including tuberculosis, autoimmune joint diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative osteoarthritis), cancers and neurological pain. Objective: To standardize serankottai nei and to screen its in-vitro antitubercular activity of in H37Rv strain. Materials and Methods: Serankottai nei, a medicated ghee preparation was procured from the SKM Siddha and Ayurveda Co India Ltd, Erode, Tamil Nadu. Unsaponifiable matter (USM) from the ghee preparation was separated and preliminary phytochemical screening was done. Further, USM was dissolved in 10 ml of chloroform and 3 and 6 μl of the above sample was applied for HPTLC fingerprint, which was developed in toluene: ethyl acetate (9.0:1.0). The developed plates were scanned under UV 254 nm, 366 nm, 540 nm and 620 nm post derivatization. Rf, colour of the spots and densitometric scan were recorded. Different doses of USM were screened for in-vitro antitubercular activity against H37Rv strain using Alamar Blue Dye method. Results: Phytochemical screening of 8\% w/w USM obtained from serankottai nei showed presence of alkaloid, phenol, steroid and terpenoid. In HPTLC, there were 15, 5 and 7 peaks at 254 nm, 366 nm and 620 nm respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against H37Rv strain of pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin were 3.125, 6.25 and 3.125 μg/ml respectively. Whereas, the MIC of serankottai nei was 1.6 μg/ml, which was almost 25 to 50\% of standard drugs. Conclusion: Serankottai nei has shown promising antitubercular activity in in-vitro study. Thus, Semecarpus anacardium could be a suitable candidate for a new herbal based antitubercular drug.

}, keywords = {Antitubercular, Semecarpus anacardium, Serankottai nei, Siddha Medicine, Tuberculosis}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.5.1.4}, author = {G Senthilvel and Arul Amuthan and KN Sunil Kumar} } @article {110, title = {Effect of Kungiliya Vennai and Kalchunna Thailam on Excision Wound Healing in Albino Wistar Rats}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {4}, year = {2015}, month = {Sept 2015}, pages = {52-57}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {52}, abstract = {

Background: Kungiliya vennai and Kalchunna thailam are the two indigenous herbal formulation being used for healing of wounds in siddha medicine. Objectives: The objective of our study was to evaluate the wound healing property of topical application of kungiliya vennai (KV) and kalchunna thailam (KT) on excision wound in Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Four groups of eight Sprague dawley female rats in each group were used for the study. Under anesthesia, excision wound of 300mm2 size was created using scissors. Group 1 served as control with no drugs applied. Group 2, 3 and 4 were applied with mupirocin, KV and KT respectively daily until wound was completely healed. Parameters observed were \% wound contraction rate and epithelialization period. Biopsy of wound for histology was taken on day 12 as well as the healed wound was taken after the wound was healed. Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey{\textquoteright}s test by keeping p\<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Kalchunna thailam has increased wound contraction rate only during initial days, but not statistically significant. Kungiliya vennai treatment has increased vascularity with presence of tissue eosinophils when compared to control rats. There was a regeneration of adnexal skin structures in the Kungiliya vennai treated rats, which is not seen in other groups. The epithelialization period was significantly (p\<0.001) hastened in Group 3 (15.83 days) and 4 (15.17 days) compared to control group (21.33 days). Conclusion: The topical application of kungiliya vennai and kalchunna thailam promoted wound healing in rats. Kungiliya vennai has the additional property of regenerating adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands.

}, keywords = {Calcium, Kungiliya Vennai, Shorea Robusta, Siddha Medicine, Wound}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.4.3.4}, author = {Vishal Bhat and Arul Amuthan and Barizah Binti Mohamed Rosli and Nur Amirah Binti Khairuddin and Fatin Shahira Binti Md. Isa} } @article {154, title = {Effect of Soaking of Phyllanthus Emblica Wood in Drinking-Water for Purification}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {1}, year = {2012}, month = {April 2012}, pages = {19-23}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {19}, abstract = {

Background: Drinking-water is purified by various methods like UV irradiation, heat treatment, adding disinfectants like chlorine etc. Aims of purification include reducing turbidity and elements, increasing taste and removing microbes. There is no single method available which can fulfill entire expectation. Siddha literatures claim that the purification could be achieved by soaking certain herbals. Objective: The present study was done to evaluate the water purifying property of Phyllanthus emblica wood. Materials and method: 1.5 L of water was taken in two different containers. Control container water was kept as such. Phyllanthus emblica wood pieces (75 g) were soaked in test container. After 48 hrs, two groups of water were filtered and investigated for physical properties, elements and level of microorganisms. Result: The color, odor, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, calcium, iron, chloride and nitrate level were increased in the test container. pH, total hardness, sulphate and magnesium levels were decreased in the test container. Level of Escherichia coli, total coliforms and faecal coliforms were reduced in the test container. Conclusion: Soaking Phyllanthus emblica wood improves the purity of water. This beneficial property of Phyllanthus emblica may be used in the purification of drinking water.

}, keywords = {Ayurveda, Siddha Medicine, Traditional Method, Water Purification}, author = {Sathish and Selvaganesa Pandian and Arul Amuthan} }