@article {202, title = {Cost Analysis of Clinical Compounding in Saudi Arabia: Oral Electrolyte Pediatrics Formulations}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {November 2019}, pages = {s24-s27}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {s24}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore cost analysis of selected oral electrolytes pediatrics formulations in the Kingdom Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a retrospective cost analysis of pediatrics formulations at 300-beds pediatrics and maternity hospital in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The pharmacy section received the specific formulation from physician then the expert pharmacist applied the international standard of clinical compounding through of providing to healthcare staff over eight hours per days for five days per a week. The pediatrics formulations consisted selected four selected electrolytes. The analysis of the cost was included the variable expenses like personal cost, material and supply cost. Fixed costs include direct cost, non-salary cost and overhead cost. The cost was derived from the Ministry of Health information database. All cost was used US dollar currency. This study analyzed the cost of anti-hypertension pediatrics formulations through the Microsoft Excel sheet version 10th. Results: The estimated average total standard cost of pediatrics formulations per hour was (53.82 USD). The average estimated cost of potassium chloride 10\% per each preparation was (2.053 USD) and the total annual cost of potassium Chloride 10\% was (172.452 USD). The average estimated cost of potassium chloride 7.5\% per each preparation was (1.342 USD) with the total annual cost of potassium chloride 7.5\% was (228.14 USD). The average estimated cost of sodium bicarbonate 8.4\% per each preparation was (0.7551 USD) with the total annual cost of sodium bicarbonate 8.4\% was (54.36 USD). The average estimated cost of calcium carbonate 200 mg/mL per each preparation was (5.45 USD) with the total annual cost of calcium carbonate 200mg/mL was (1,046.4 USD). The average estimated cost of sodium chloride 5.8\% per each preparation was (1.117 USD) which the total annual cost of sodium chloride 5.8\% was (167.55 USD). Conclusion: Most the electrolyte pediatrics formulations which are not available in the local or international market. Pharmacists should continue to prepare them with lower economic burden. The study was first done in KSA and meet new health strategic plan of Saudi vision 2030 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Clinical, Compounding, Cost, Electrolyte, Formulations, Ministry of Health, Pediatrics, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.41}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Faiz A. Bahadig and Malika Alhadab and Mona Lubbad and Ebtesam Nazal} } @article {211, title = {Neonates and Pediatrics Electrolyte Replacement Therapy Order: New Initiative and Implementation System in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {December 2019}, pages = {211-212}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {211}, abstract = {

The national medications safety program founded in 2013 at the Ministry of Health hospitals and primary care centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The program focused on adults, pediatrics and neonatal populations. The program was part of the pharmacy strategic plan. The electrolyte replacement therapy preparation and administration for neonates and pediatrics published and distributed as required of the medication safety program. The new initiatives as complementary project was a standardized concentration of electrolyte replacement therapy for neonates and pediatrics implemented at specific hospitals of the Ministry of health. The new project as regular physician{\textquoteright}s order form and coveted to computerized physician order entry. The new project prevents neonates and pediatrics medication errors of electrolyte replacement therapy. The project is a new initiative at Ministry of Health hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi, Gulf and Middle East countries.

}, keywords = {Electrolyte, Ministry of Health, Neonates, Pediatrics, Saudi Arabia, Standardized Concentration}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.47}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Fatimah Al-Doughan and Yasir Ahmed Ibrahim and Hussam Saad Almalki and Nouf Alaza and Malika Alshamari} } @article {233, title = {The Physician Order for Standardized Concentration of Adult{\textquoteright}s Electrolyte Replacement Therapy: New Initiative in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {December 2019}, pages = {208-210}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {208}, abstract = {

The electrolyte replacement therapy consternation considered one of the high alert drugs. Most of the medication safety organizations have established preventive guidelines for the prescription of electrolyte therapy. The General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care at the Ministry of Health in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia also has established guidelines for the preparation and administration of electrolyte replacement for adult patients. This new initiative is regarding the standardized concentration of electrolyte preparation and administration for adult patients. The electrolyte therapy may be prescribed via a physician order form, which may be easily converted as computerized physician order entry. This from is designed to prevent all electrolyte-related errors and improve patient outcomes. This project is a new tool implemented for electrolyte safety at the Ministry of Health hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Adult, Electrolyte, Ministry of Health, Physician order, Saudi Arabia, Standardized Concentration}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.46}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Manal Mansour Al Nemari and Fatimah Al-Doughan and Yasir Ahmed Ibrahim and Hussam Saad Almalki and Nahedh Rashed Alotaibi and Mona Mustafa Jadkarim} }