@article {379, title = {Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health: Education and Training}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {197-206}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {197}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the occupational safety and health system education and training in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of occupational safety and health policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy occupational safety and health policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety specialists. The topic emphasizes the occupational safety and health system education and training of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The pharmacy occupational safety and health Education and Training consisted of various items. That has included program objectives, admission requirements, teaching and education methodology, and occupational safety and health Education and Training steps in pharmacy practice. The occupational safety and health education and training contained five models. For instance, Fire safety at pharmacy services, Pharmacy Crisis and Disaster Management, and Pharmacy Material Safety Data Sheet. Besides, the Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health Surveillance and Monitoring and Quality Management of occupational safety and health. Each model describes the Module description, Learning Objectives, Module Outlines, and Competency items. Conclusion: The occupational safety and health system education and training in pharmacy practice is a new initiative for pharmacy career professionals. It will improve pharmacy occupational safety and health system skills and encourage all pharmacy staff (clinical, distributive pharmacist, and pharmacy technicians) to comply with occupational safety and health system regulations in different pharmacies in various healthcare organizations. Therefore, the occupational safety and health system education and training policy and procedures are required and mandated for pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Education, Health, Occupational safety, Pharmacy, Policy, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.28}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Badriya Mufflih Alrasheedi and Mohannad Ali Abu-sabaa and Naif Saleh Alamri and Abdulah Khalid Al-Otaibi and Mohammed Hakami} } @article {381, title = {Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health: Quality Perspective}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {208-216}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {208}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore quality management policy and procedures of the pharmacy occupational safety and health system in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the pharmacy occupational safety and health system and quality management policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy occupational safety and health policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety specialists. The topic emphasizes the occupational safety and health system and quality management policy and procedures. Results: The review for quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice has consisted of pharmacy occupational safety and health auditing and quality management performance indicators. Besides, it discusses the techniques of conducting quality management systems for occupational safety and health programs in pharmacy practice. Conclusion: The quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice demands keeping adherence to occupational safety health standards at an appropriate level, with unnecessary cost control. Besides, monitor key performance indicators of pharmacy occupational safety and health auditing system. Thus, quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures is highly recommended for pharmacy career professionals worldwide.

}, keywords = {Health, Occupational safety, Pharmacy, Policy, Quality management, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.30}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Mohannad Ali Abu-sabaa and Naif Saleh Alamri and Areej Abdullah Al Jasser and Maram Kamian Al Shammari and Abdulah Khalid Al-Otaibi and Mohammed Hakami} } @article {374, title = {Safety and Occupational Health in Pharmacy Practice: A New Initiative Project in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {175-178}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {175}, abstract = {

Objectives: The Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health services were created to align with pharmacy strategies in the future. The topic aims to declare Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health services as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This new project is driven by local and international Safety and Occupational Health regulations and standards of care. It was formulated from guidelines of pharmacy projects, the international business model, and management institution guidelines for the new project. Project management professionals draft this initiative in various stages, from initial planning to execution, monitoring, and control. Results: Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health services include fundamental elements such as a defined vision, mission, and goals, besides the pharmacy security, pharmacy fire safety, medication safety datasheet, hazard materials, pharmacy disaster, and safety equipment maintenance. Furthermore, the risk management model description ensures the project{\textquoteright}s continuation. Besides, the monitoring and control of the services were declared. Finally, the analysis investigates the transition to the operation project until the project is in the closed stage. Conclusion: Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health services are a new initiative in the pharmacy strategic plan with Saudi Vision 2030. Pharmaceutical firms require a clear vision, policy, and long-term partnership. Pharmaceutical care and manufacturer gatherings may be essential in developing appropriate pharmacy professional services zooming on patient care to reach optimal drug therapy management, prevent drug-related misadventures, and avoid unnecessary costs.

}, keywords = {Health, Initiative, Occupational safety, Pharmacy, Saudi Arabia, Services}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.23}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Naif Saleh Alamri} } @article {335, title = {Knowledge of Pharmacists about Health Insurance in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {11}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {72-81}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {72}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the knowledge of pharmacists about health insurance in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed Pharmacist knowledge of health insurance in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about pharmacists, The health insurance assessment of primary and advanced knowledge, and The Resources used about the health insurance drug therapy. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 were done with the study. Furthermore, the data analysis of the Knowledge of Pharmacists about Health Insurance is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 398 pharmacists responded to the questionnaire. Of them, more than one-third responded from the Central region (137 (34.51\%)), and one Quarter responded from the western part (109 (27.46\%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Males responded more than females (239 (60.35\%)) versus 157 (39.65\%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.000). Most of the responders were in the age group of 24-30 years (271 (68.26\%)) and 31-35 years (56 (14.11\%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Most of the pharmacists were staff pharmacists (300 (75.76\%)) and pharmacy supervisors (43 (10.86\%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.000). Almost one-half of pharmacists currently have health insurance coverage (239 ((60.05\%)) with equal or less than one year (108 ((42.52\%)), or 2-3 years (81 ((31.89\%)), have you been associated with your current insurance provider with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.000). The average score of basic knowledge of pharmacists about health insurance was (1.91). The element {\textquotedblleft}the ethics used in health insurance pharmacist{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (2.19). The aspect {\textquotedblleft}the health insurance system covered the medications errors sentinel event{\textquotedblright} (2.05). The average score of advanced knowledge of pharmacists about health insurance was (1.95). The element {\textquotedblleft}the knowledge of medications covered by health insurance{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (2.38). The aspect {\textquotedblleft}the knowledge of the medications devices and health insurance{\textquotedblright} was (2.17). The most resources used for Pharmacist and health insurance information were health practitioners 179 (46.25\%) SFDA website 128 (33.07\%). They were followed by Scientific literature 117 (30.23\%) and Drug information resources ( Lexi comp-drug information, Micromedex, Epocrates 101 (26.10\%). Conclusion: The pharmacist{\textquoteright}s knowledge of health insurance was insufficient in Saudi Arabia. The Heath insurance pharmacy is in high demand for transformation plans with vision. Therefore, Targeting education and training during undergraduate and postgraduate studies is highly recommended in Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Health, Insurance, Knowledge, Pharmacists, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2022.11.14}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Abdulaziz Saad Ali Alrobiea and Shaimaa O Ahmadeen and Mohammad Abdullah Alghamdi and Maha Hussein Almadany and Abeer Hussin Almasoudi and Atheer Fahad Al-Aqile} } @article {222, title = {Pharmacy Technician Workforce in Saudi Arabia over Twelve Years (2006-2017)}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {September 2019}, pages = {158-162}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {158}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the workforce of pharmacy technician at Ministry of Health (MOH) institutions over the past twelve years (2006-2017) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a retrospective analysis of twelve years (2006-2017) of Ministry of Health pharmacy technician workforce at hospital practice. All data derived from the Ministry of Health Statistical Year Books and any missing appropriate information about pharmacy technician workforce, that{\textquoteright}s will be estimated through allied healthcare professional{\textquoteright}s data in each region including gender or nationality. It included pharmacy technician and exclude all types of pharmacists or clinical pharmacist{\textquoteright}s workforces at MOH hospital and Primary Health Care Centers (PHCs) settings. All calculations were based on MOH workforce standards of hospitals and PHCs. All calculation was done using Microsoft Excel version ten. Results: The total number of pharmacy technician in all sectors, hospitals, primary healthcare centers and medical affairs administration increased from 4,289 to 8,373 over twelve years to 1.96-fold increments (2006- 2017). The number of Saudi pharmacy technician increased from 3,064 to 8,061 to 2.63-fold increments while non-Saudi pharmacy technician decreased from 1,225 to 312 to 3.92-fold reductions. The rate of pharmacy technician to pharmacist decreased from 6.7 to 2.2 to 3.05-fold ratio reductions while the pharmacy technician per 10,000 population increased from 2.67 to 4.29 to 1.61-fold incremental ratio over the past twelve years. Conclusion: The pharmacy technician worked at the Ministry of Health institutions increased over the past twelve years. The Saudi pharmacy technician was increased with reduction of non-Saudi nationality. The male gender more than female. The ratio of pharmacy technician to pharmacist was reduced by time. The pharmacy technician workforces needed to explore at all healthcare institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Centers, Health, Hospital, Ministry of Health, Pharmacy technician, Saudi Arabia, Workforce}, doi = {10.5530/ijphs.2019.8.26}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Saeed Jamaan Alghamdi and Radi Abdullah Alattyh} }